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嗨 (hei 1)


Graphic Design, Illustration

Visual exploration of aural parallels between Thai diacritics and Mandarin tones. The Mandarin character 嗨 forms a fluid surface that is intercrossed by lines connected each tone/diacritic parallel.

Featured in Radical Characters’ Tone in Tongue exhibit open call and to be featured in exhibits in Baltimore, Los Angeles, and Shanghai from July 18 – November 14, 2025.
Individual Project
Tone in Tongue curated by Radical Characters


“Like a wave returning to the ocean: the unsettling familiarity of learning to speak Mandarin. 

The Mandarin tonal system has sonic similarities to Thai diacritics (◌ ่ ้ ๊ ๋) I grew up speaking. While the intonations do not have a definitive one-to-one, with several hidden rules in both systems, there was enough overlap to sound fluent. Replicating tones accurately came intuitively, but often without comprehension. With part of my personal lineage immigrating from China to Thailand, piecing together Mandarin phonetically from Thai tones and English pinyin became an inverted mirror to experiences that prior generations of my family likely had learning to speak Thai.

Individually, 嗨 lacks a definitive semantic meaning. The character, combining 口 and 海, becomes a summation of my experience of sounding Mandarin out as "an ocean within my mouth," visually referencing fluid traditional brush calligraphy and unintentional character stroke connections in handwriting.”